Internal-combustion motor.



H. L. GUMMINS.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION MOTOR.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 31, 1911. 1,095, 1 90. Patented May 5, 1914.

3 SHEETSSHBET 1.

H. GUMMINS.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION MOTOR. APPLIOATION FILED AUG. 31, 19 1.

1,O95,1 90. Patented May 5, 1914.

3 SHEETS-SHBET 2.

HIL. GUMMINS. INTERNAL COMBUSTION MOTOR.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 31, 1911.

Patented May 5, 1914.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

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(AW-M174 UNITED STATES- PATENT onrrcn.

HERBERT L. CUMMINS, OF EAST ELY, NEVADA, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-SIXTH T0 CHARLES S. CHANDLER, ONE-SIXTH TO B. L. QUAYLE, AND ONE-THIRD T0 HENRY'M. FUL- MER, 'ALL OF EAST ELY, NEVADA.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION MOTOR Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 5, 1914.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HERBERT L. OUMMINS, a citizen of the United States, residing at East Ely,"in the county of White Pine and State of Nevada, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Internal-Combustion Motors; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to'the accompanying draw ings, and to the letters and figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in internal combustion motors and it relates more especially to that class of motors which are commonly known as rotary engines.

The invention has for its object, among others, the provision of a motor of this character in which the intake and exhaust ports, valves, ducts, cylinders and all parts are sodisposed as to insure, at all times, a perfect balance.

A further and'essential object of the invention resides in the provision of a construction whereby a maximum concentration,

of the power, resulting from the successive explosions, radial extremity and constantly at right angles to the radius of the drive cylmder hereinafter. referred to.

A further object of the invention resides in the details of construction involving, among other things, a direct connection between the cylinder receiving the rotary 1mulse from the explosion and the drive shaft itself, thus minimizing the number of parts as well as the space which will be required for the engine itself.

A further object and advantage of the invention is to minimize the number of parts, thus simplifying the device as a.

whole whilepreserving a maximum of power and economizing in'the cost of construction.

Other advantages ossessed by. the motor constructed in accor ance with this invention will hereinafter appear.

To these ends and to such others as the invention may appertam, the same GOIlSlSllS in the novel construction, peculiar arrangeis applied continuously at the ment, combination and adaptation of parts,-

all as will be more fully hereinafter described, shown in the accompanying drawlugs and then specifically defined in the appended claim.

The invention is clearly illustrated in the accompanying drawings which, with the letters of reference marked thereon, form a part of this specification and in which draw- 1ngs:

Figure 1 is an end elevation of an engine constructed in accordance with my invention. Fig. 2 is a side elevation. Fig 3' is a central vertical section of the engine. Fig. 4 1s a transverse section through the piston cylinder on line 44 of Fig. 3.

Reference now being had to the details of the drawings by letter, A designates the casing of the engine which is provided with three compartments which are indicated by letters B, C and D. Thecompartments B and D are of uniform diameter and within the walls of the compartment B a shaft B is journaled, while in the walls of the compartment D a like shaft D is provided. A cylinder B is keyed to the shaft B and a like cylinder 1) to the shaft 1). Each of said cylinders substantially fills the chamber within which it is mounted. Each cylinder is provided with recesses E which are disposed at positions diametrically opposite, and the recesses of each cylinder are connected by a duct E which passes centrally through the shaft upon which the cylinder is mounted. p

F, F designate intake ports, each communicatingwith the interior of a compartment through the' ducts E, E.

G, G are spark plugs, disposed at points diametrically opposite in the compartment C, and H, H are ducts through which the mixture received from the compressor 18 admitted to the explosion chambers H.

I is a hollow or ,cored shaft extending axially through the central compartment upon which shaft is keyed the main or drlve cylinder J, which is provided with radially extended arms I. V

1 designate cooling ducts communicating between the hollow interior of the shaft I :1 are coolingducts connecting the intej'rior of the cylinders to the exhaust side of the pistons K. In the construction of the cylinder a suitable water ployed.

In Fig. 2 of the drawings, the gear wheels M, M and M are keyed to the free ends of the shafts B, I and D upon the outside of the casing, and N is a fly wheel mounted upon the shaft I upon the opposite side of the casing. It will, of course, be understood that power can be transmitted from either end ofthe shaft I. 0 represents one of the cylinder heads, the heads upon opposite faces of the casing being similar. The heads 0 are provided with openings through which the axial shafts are extended and sur-' rounding each of these openings and integral with the cylinder head are extensions jacket L is em- O'-, which serve as a journal and bracing for the shafts B, I and D respectively. Ex-

haust ports Q lead from the interior of the cylinder and pipes Q, communicate there with and form means of communication for the exhaust to pass from the interior of the cylinder to the atmosphere.

In order to provide for the utilization of the expansive force of the mixture remaining within the ducts after the explosion, I provide circumferential pockets Y, Y to receive such unexpanded gas during the further rotary movement 0 the valve cylinders and I further provide, leading therefrom, the conduits R, R which communicate at one end, through suitable screw-threaded openings R, with the compartments B and D respectively and at their opposite ends communicate with the compartment C through the screw-threaded openings C re spectively at points diametrically opposite, it being preferable that these points should be in as close proximity to the spark plugs as'possible. By this conduit construction, it will be noted that the unexpanded force of the fired mixture remaining within the ducts E, and E is utilized, the force being expanded against the pistons K after they have received the impact due to the explosion and moved beyond the ports R,

It will be noted that, in the construction of the engine, provision is made for artificial cooling by, water jacketing and a special provision is madefor cooling the central cylinde'r or what we have termed the piston roller by means of air, the air being taken into the roller through the hollow shaft I by the cast-ing ribs or arms I internally in this roller, when revolution thereof takes place. The cold air so introduced in the hollow shaft I is carried outwardly toward the heated portions of the cylinder and ultimately is discharged through the escape ports I and into the exhaust and to the outside air by the exhaust ports F. It is at once evident that, if desired, water can be used for cooling internally the piston cylinder.

chines as well as'for stationary work. The

In Fig. 3 of the drawings; the parts are shown as in the positions assumed at the instant of the closing of the intake valve which is at the instant of firing. The explosive mixture, it will be noted, flows from the intake ports and passing through the ducts E, enters the explosion chambers H, the entire volume of the mixture entering the chamber at the instant of closing the intake ports and are fired by any usual means .of ignition introduced through the spark plugs G, G, simultaneously. From the expansion of gases to be obtained, the impulse is transmitted to the pistons K, Kupon the piston roller, whereby rotation induced in the piston cylinder J which is directly connected with either a drive shaft or, if preferable, by gears off from such drive shaft to a counter shaft.

By the appropriate placing of lugs, which g can be cast to the body of the engine for fastening to the frame of a vehicle, the engine can be used for automobiles, traction engines of any description, and flying maimpulse from each explosion acts continuously at right angles to and at the extremity of the radius of the piston cylinder, hence giving a maximum rotative force.

The feature of perfect balance so as to minimize loss of power, consumption of oil and other losses 1s abovereferred to. The exhaust precedes the pistons K and is expelled through the ports F, either directly into the atmosphere or throu h such exhaust 00 manifolds as may be provide The portion of the exhaust gases remaining in the ducts E are further exhausted by means of the fact that, as they continue to rotate or reach the points S, S, the exhaust gases are sucked therefrom because of the outrush of the main exhaust through the ports F, F.

The rotation of the engine in the reverse direction may be provided for by closing of the ports referred to and the opening of 110 ports symmetrically opposite to those 1ndicated in Fig. 3 of the drawings. By the term symmetrically o posite, above referred to is meant the p acing of such ports at other points as suggested which, when placed, will present a perfectly symmetrical figure relative to the line of symmetry which would-run between the three axial shafts B, I and D; also by the use of spark plugs set opposite those indicated in the drawings. 120 The compressor itself may be, in its various possible forms, used in connection wit-h such reversal by closing the ports used on the direct drive and utilizing another set of ports corresponding therewith as to position, excepting that the alternate set will be exactly the reverse and perform the reverse functions as to intake and exhaust, that is to say near the intake P, and along the same axial line preferably, there will be placed 180 I claim to be new and an exhaust port and near the exhaust port Q, and along an axial line preferably, there will be placed an intake port. It will be understood that the compressor may be pro Vided with a water jacket. similar to the water jacket described connected with the engine; v

Having thus described my invention, what desire to secure by Letters Patent is An internal combustion engine comprising a casing having a central and laterally disposed communicating chambers with ports leading through the walls thereof, a hollow shaft journaled in said casing, a hollow piston cylinder fixed to! said shaft and having.- ducts communicating with the latter, said cylinder provided with radial pistons upon its circumference adapted to wipe against the surrounding wall of the chamber, the circumference of the piston cylinder provided with ports aflording means of communication between the space wall of the chamber in which it is mounted,

rotatable cylinders mountedone in each of said opposltely disposed chambers and each provided with diametrically opposite recesses in its circumference and with a duct communicating with the recesses, the oppositely disposed spaces intermediate the circumference of the'piston cylinder and the circumference of the recessed cylinders serving sis-expansion chambers, as set forth.

In testimony whereof I hereunto afiix my vsignature in the presence of two witnesses,

I HERBERT LCUMMINS. Witnesses:

FRANKLIN H. HOUGH, J. W. Smwoon'. 

